What type of effect increases the momentary probability of a behavior?

The correct answer is the behavior altering effect. This type of effect specifically refers to changes in the likelihood or probability of a behavior occurring as a result of environmental changes. When a certain condition or stimulus is introduced, it increases the momentary probability that a particular behavior will be exhibited.

For instance, if a reward is introduced as a consequence of a specific behavior, the presence of that reward acts as a behavior altering effect, making it more probable that the behavior will be repeated when the reward is available. This highlights the role of immediate consequences in shaping behavior.

The other options do not relate directly to the probability of behavior in the same way. A value altering effect would pertain to changes in the desirability or significance of a particular outcome or reinforcer but does not directly increase the momentary likelihood of a behavior itself. The cognitive altering effect would involve changes in mental processes or perceptions rather than changes in behavior probability. Lastly, the social altering effect could relate to changes in behavior based on social influences, but again, it does not specifically address the momentary probability of an individual behavior in the same context as the behavior altering effect does.