What does ABC data refer to?

ABC data refers to a method of data collection used primarily in behavior analysis, particularly in applied behavior analysis (ABA). It stands for Antecedent-Behavior-Consequence, which outlines a framework for observing and recording the context and consequences of a specific behavior.

In this framework, the antecedent represents what happens immediately before a behavior occurs, the behavior is the action or response of interest, and the consequence is what follows the behavior that may reinforce or discourage it. This type of data is collected directly by observing and documenting occurrences of a behavior in real-time, making it an essential tool for understanding the function of behaviors and guiding intervention strategies.

This approach is contrasted with other types of data collection such as indirect data, which relies on third-party reports or assessments rather than firsthand observations, or historical data, which captures information from past events that may not be relevant to current behaviors. Since ABC data involves direct observation, it provides immediate and specific insights that are necessary for effective behavioral intervention.